منابع مشابه
Health care expenditures: international comparisons, 1970-80.
This article is based on the findings of a study developed to compare health care costs in the United States during 1970-80 with those of six other industrially advanced countries--Canada, France, the Federal Republic of Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. Although health care expenditures in the United States have traditionally been relatively high, as a share of gross na...
متن کاملMedicare expenditures for physician and supplier services, 1970-88
The trend data in this article focus on Medicare expenditures and allowed charges for physician and supplier services rendered during the period from 1970 through 1988. A brief overview is presented on the provisions of the new Medicare physician payment system mandated by Congress and scheduled to be phased in starting January 1, 1992. The data provide one of the baselines that could be used f...
متن کاملMilitary Expenditures and World Economic Growth under Hybrid Warfare Conditions
The article examines the impact of the dynamics of military expenditures, public debt, arms exports on the economic growth of the six countries (US, China, Russia, Israel, Ukraine, Moldova). The paper empirically tested the hypothesis of the possibility of further maintaining the positive macroeconomic effects in the process of confronting and persistent ‘hybrid’ military conflicts in either ‘h...
متن کاملIncome elasticity of health expenditures in Iran.
Because of its policy implications, the income elasticity of health care expenditures is a subject of much debate. Governments may have an interest in subsidizing the care of those with low income. Using more than two decades of data from the Iran Household Expenditure and Income Survey, this article investigates the relationship between income and health care expenditure in urban and rural are...
متن کاملUse of Land by Nomadic Pastoralists in Iran: 1970–1998
In this paper, I examine how some nomadic pastoralists in Iran changed their use of the physical environment over the past thirty years and how these changes related to their economic practices. I base this paper on my anthropological research among Qashqa’i nomadic pastoralists in southwestern Iran in the 1970s and 1990s, including eight visits since the revolution in 1978-1979 and the Islamic...
متن کاملEstimating Property Rights Expenditures in Iran
There are many indices for measuring property rights (PR) security. They may be classified into two groups: subjective proxies and objective proxies. Most of the proxies are subjective. One contribution of this paper is introducing a new approach for measuring government expenditures devoted to PR protection. Calculating physical capital within the introduced new approach is another contributio...
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عنوان ژورنال:
فصلنامه تخصصی جنگ ایران و عراقجلد ۲، شماره ۸، صفحات ۴۲-۵۵
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